Matter is mostly composed of molecules, molecules are composed of atoms, and atoms are composed of nuclei and electrons. Inside the atom, the electrons are constantly rotating on their own axis and orbiting the nucleus. Both of these movements of the electrons will generate magnetism. But in most substances, the electrons move in different directions and are chaotic, and the magnetic effects cancel each other out. Therefore, most substances are not magnetic under normal conditions.
Ferromagnetic substances such as iron, cobalt, nickel, or ferrite are different. The electron spins inside it can be spontaneously arranged in a small range to form a spontaneous magnetization region, which is called a magnetic domain. After the ferromagnetic material is magnetized, the internal magnetic domains are arranged neatly and in the same direction, which strengthens the magnetism and constitutes a
magnet. The iron-absorbing process of the magnet is the magnetization process of the iron block. The magnetized iron block and the different polarities of the magnet generate attractive force, and the iron block is firmly "sticked" to the magnet.
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